Warm Up Exercises

Before going for strenuous exercises warm up exercises are necessary. Warm up exercises relieves stress and prevents from injury. Warm up exercises such as walk for few minutes, tread mill for few minutes is good before going for strenuous activities. If you are going for a run or brisk walk start up with warm up exercise is good. Warming up also increases your heart rate slowly and breathing to ease your body into exercising. Even before you dance start slowly and gradually increase intensity. Warm up makes your body flexible. Suddenly stopping strenuous activities are also not good so slowly stop your activity and so cooling down is also important.

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Gingivitis

Inflammation of gum tissue is known as Gingivitis.

Major causes of gingivitis are:

• Plaque deposition on teeth: It is one of the major causes of gum bleeding and inflammation, if proper brushing and flossing is done then plaque does not proceed to Gingivitis.

• Pregnancy: In pregnancy most common condition is gingivitis also known as pregnancy gingivitis. Due to hormonal changes and frequent vomiting, nausea gums swell and becomes red. Dental checkup during pregnancy is advisable, though treatment can be delayed till child birth.

• Diabetes: In diabetic patients Gum bleeding is very common as their immune system becomes weak and not capable to fight against bacteria causing disease.

Steps to prevent Gingivitis are:

• Regular flossing

• Brushing twice a day

• Mouthwash rinses twice a day

• Regular dental checkups and cleaning of teethe.

Gingivitis can be treated by,

• Deep Scaling beneath the gums is done to clean underlying calculus and plaque.

• Curettage: Curettage is the process in which soft tissue lining is removed to eliminate diseased tissue.

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Dental Plaque

Plaque is a sticky white colored layer which forms on the tooth surface. This layer is rich in bacteria which gets stick on teeth and slowly starts eroding the upper layer of teeth which is also called as Enamel. When we eat any sweets or drink any soft drinks with sugar, the bacteria release acids that attack our tooth enamel. Plaque formation starts after every food intake. Continuous attack of bacteria makes the tooth surface look yellow and slowly it turns to black which is an initiation of caries. Some caries are superficial which does not progress if proper brushing is done. Plaque formation leads to bad breath.

Apart from brushing we can try Regular flossing, Mouthwash rinses to avoid the ill effects.

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Dentures

Dentures are the artificial prosthesis which is the substitute of missing teeth.  Dentures take support of surrounding soft tissues and teeth to stabilize in oral cavity.
There are two types of dentures:

1.      Partial dentures: When some teeth are present and few are missing then Partial denture is fabricated. Partial dentures are of two types:

·         Removable partial denture(RPD):

Advantages of Removable partial denture are, it can be easily removed by patient and can easily be cleaned. It is less expensive. Removable partial dentures are fully tooth supported and help in normal chewing.

Disadvantages of Removable partial denture are, as removable partial denture is fully tooth supported, sometimes cause injury to tooth supported gums. If patient does not maintain proper oral hygiene, RPD can be harmful for other remaining natural teeth. Due to removing RPD again and again it sometimes becomes loose.

·         Fixed Partial Denture(FPD):

Advantages of fixed partial denture are, these dentures are attached to natural teeth, roots or implants and cannot be removed by patient. FPD has high retention as compared to removable partial denture. Patient feels FPD like his natural teeth; hence less compliance factor.

Disadvantages of FPD are, it is expensive procedure. More time consuming and regular checkups are advisable. If patient’s supportive teeth are not strong enough to bear forces offered by FPD, then it has poor prognosis. If RCT of supportive teeth fails and patient come back with pain in supporting tooth then whole FPD has to be removed and placed again. If FPD is not fixed properly or some space is left while fitting then food lodgment continues and results in bad smell from mouth.

2.      Complete dentures: When all the teeth are missing then complete denture is fabricated. They vary in shape according to the shape of oral cavity. Normally 28 teeth are present in Complete Denture, but sometimes we have to miss second premolar in case of small jaw size.

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Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates are the main source of energy for the body. 1 gram of carbohydrate provides 4kcals of energy.  A healthy balanced diet should include 50% to 60% of the calories consumed coming from carbohydrates. The minimum amount of carbohydrate required to prevent the starvation activation systems of fasting is 100 to 150 grams per day. Glucose is the primary fuel for the nervous system, the blood cells and the renal medulla. Requirements for each individual depend on age, sex, size, and activity level.
During digestion, carbohydrates are broken down into glucose, the fuel for our bodies. Glucose is burned in all body cells and is the primary source of energy for us to function.  If your body does not have any use for the glucose, it is converted into glycogen and stored it in the liver and muscles as an energy reserve. If people consume more carbohydrates than they need at the time, the body stores some of these carbohydrates within cells as glycogen and converts the rest to fat.
Carbohydrates are classified into two types simple and complex. Simple carbohydrates are digested by the body very quickly. Simple carbohydrates include Glucose, sucrose, fructose and lactose these provide the quickest energy supply to the body. Simple carbohydrates are found naturally in fruits milk and other dairy products. They are also often found in refined, processed foods. Foods that contain simple carbohydrates are sugar, corn syrup, white rice, white pasta, candy, cookies, cakes, soft drinks etc.
Complex carbohydrates are high fiber foods. Our body takes longer time to digest them, resulting in gradual steady stream of energy trough out the day. These are usually high in fiber and nutrient rich and provide many health benefits. Good sources of complex carbohydrates include, Starch - bread, cereal, potatoes, pasta, rice, dried peas and beans, Fiber - bran, whole-grain foods, raw vegetables, fruit,  nuts, seeds and popcorn.

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Celebrities Hit by Cancer

RASIKA JOSHI, well know Marathi versatile actor passed away on 7th July 2011 by cancer. She was battling with cancer for long time.

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Aerobics

Aerobic exercise is one of the best and safest exercises to do. It is a complete workout as well as a fun sport to do. Doing aerobics regularly can improve one’s heart rate, body condition and state of mind. Aerobics helps relax the tense muscles. The term “aerobics” literally means with oxygen. It implies that the body is using oxygen supplied for low and moderate intensity physical activities that are constant such as biking, jogging, etc. Aerobic exercise plays the same role in the human body by pumping out deeply accumulated fat from inside the body.
Aerobics is an excellent way for a person to achieve physical fitness. A person performing aerobics has increased heart rate and increased metabolism rate. Increased metabolism rate speeds up sweating and eventually accelerates the fat burning process thereby resulting in the weight loss. Aerobics involves using large muscle groups for a repetitively for a sustained amount of time. One of the plus points of aerobics is that it can be enjoyed even with the extended period of time. The most common types of aerobics include aerobic dance, bicycling, fitness walking and running, stair climbing and swimming. Dancing and continuous sports activity like running can improve circulation and overall cardiovascular health.
The benefits of aerobics include:

·        It strengthens the body including the weight bearing bones and the cardiovascular muscles.

·        It helps in losing the body weight and in toning up the body muscles.

·        It is very easy and widely enjoyed form of physical exercise and can be enjoyed by people of all age groups. However, it is not recommended for very small children pregnant women. And elder people should perform it for a short duration.

·        It increases blood circulation and lowers blood glucose and blood sugar levels.

·        It increases oxygen supply to heart, lungs and blood vessels and thereby, results in the smooth functioning of the body.

·        Aerobic workout is a great stress buster and acts as an effective remedy for depression, anxiety and tension. It helps to a great extent in the rejuvenation of the mind.

·        It also boosts up the body immune system.

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Ayurvedic Treatment

Ayurvedic treatment or Chikitsa is to remove the root cause of the problem and to give permenant relief. It does not curb the main symptoms and creates some new ones as side effects of the main treatment. There are four main classifications of management of disease in Ayurveda:

1.      Shodan or cleansing

2.      Shaman or Palliation

3.      Rasayana or rejuvenation

4.      Satvajaya or mental hygiene

The treatments mainly comprises of powders, tablets, decoctions, medicated oils which are prepared from natural herbs, plants and minerals. Because the medicines are from natural sources and not synthetic, they are accepted and assimilated in the body without creating any side effects, in fact ir could have some side benefits.

Along with medicine proper diet, exercise and living style is also advised for proper treatment. If we are taking a medicine to remove the root cause and at the same time we are taking some food or following a life style which is increasing the cause of disease, then we may not get well or will be getting less relief. In addition to these Panch Karma and Yoga therapy can be very safely used to promote good health, prevent diseases and acquire longevity.

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Alternate Medicine: AYURVEDA

Ayurveda is a system of traditional medicine native to India and a form of alternative medicine. The earliest literature on Indian medical practice appeared during the Vedic period in India. The Susruta Sanhita and the Charaka Sanhita were influential works on traditional medicine during this era. Over the following centuries, ayurvedic practitioners developed a number of medicinal preparations and surgical procedures for the treatment of various ailments. Western medicine has ayurveda classified as a system of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) that is used to complement, rather than replace, the treatment regimen and relationship that exists between a patient and their existing physician.

Ayurveda is grounded in the physics of the "five elements" i.e. Prithvi (earth), Jala (water), Agni (fire), Vaayu (air) and Akasha (ether). All of which compose the Universe, including the human body. Chyle or plasma (called rasa dhatu), blood (rakta dhatu), flesh (mamsa dhatu), fat (medha dhatu), bone (asthi dhatu), marrow (majja dhatu), and semen or female reproductive tissue (shukra dhatu) are held to be the seven primary constituent elements i.e saptadhatu of the body. Ayurveda deals elaborately with measures of healthful living during the entire span of life and its various phases. Ayurveda stresses a balance of three elemental energies which are vata (air & space – "wind"), pittha (fire & water – "bile") and kapha (water & earth – "phlegm"). According to Ayurveda, these three regulatory principles - Doshas are important for health, because when they are in a more balanced state, the body will function to its fullest, and when imbalanced, the body will be affected negatively in certain ways. Ayurveda holds that each human possesses a unique combination of doshas. In ayurveda, the human body perceives attributes of experiences as 20 Guna meaning qualities. Surgery and surgical instruments are employed. It is believed that building a healthy metabolic system, attaining good digestion and proper excretion leads to vitality. Ayurveda also focuses on exercise, yoga, meditation, and massage. Thus, body, mind, and spirit/consciousness need to be addressed both individually and in unison for health to ensue.

Eight disciplines of ayurveda treatment, called ashtangas are given below:

1.      Internal medicine (Kaaya-chikitsa)

2.      Paediatrics (Kaumarabhrtyam)

3.      Surgery (Shalya-chikitsa)

4.      Eye and ENT (Shalakya tantra)

5.      Demonic possession (Bhuta vidya): Bhuta vidya has been called psychiatry.

6.      Toxicology (Agadatantram)

7.      Prevention diseases and improving immunity and rejuvenation (rasayana)

8.      Aphrodisiacs and improving health of progeny (Vajikaranam)

In Hindu mythology, the origin of Ayurvedic medicine is attributed to the physician of the gods, Dhanvantari.

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